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Chemical, Biological and Radiological Equipment and Chemical Warfare Poisons used by the US Navy for training

Currently Congress is debating the extension of VA benefits to veterans exposed to burning poisons on military bases. Here is the evidence they need to propertly diagnose the illnesses.

This article lists the inventories of the (ABC )”Atomic, Biological and Chemical“warfare training chemicals and devices used by the US Navy for what is now called (CBR) Chemical Biological and Radiological training using the following publications:

  1. United States. Army. Chemical Agent Identification Set Disposal: Environmental Impact Statement. , 1977. Volume F Appendix A
  2. Appendix A of the “ABC Warfare Defense Ashore 1960” – Training manual that lists the equipment including Atomic, Biological and Chemical Warfare Training with a brief description of how they are used. – Most of the content of this article.
  3. Index of Specifications and Standards used by the Department of the Navy Military Index Volume III 1958 which lists all of the Unclassified inventory of the Navy and their numbers. These are published every year for each branch of the military. I will link it here as it is an index and each item is searchable and to list all of it would be extensive.
Index of Specifications and Standards used by the Department of the Navy Military Index Volume III 1958 Note the Mustard Gas is listed under Or for ordnance

ABC training was conducted in special bases to train INSTRUCTORS who would then go back to each unit and train men on bases all over the country and on ships, submarines etc. These are joint Bases where military personnel of all branches participated and they also conducted joint excercises in offensive and defensive training up until 1968 when it became defensive training due to the Treaty. Note some of the chemicals used in chemical warfare training could not be taken aboard Navy ships as they are too deadly, for isntance the Hydrogen Cyanide Gas (Zyklon B which was used in the Nazi death camps ) found by the State of Calfornia at Treasure Island in 1993 had to be sent to Naval Air Station Alameda to be disposed of and this chemical weapon was in inventories of the entire Navy in 1949.

They include Treasure Island in San Francisco, Fort McClellan Alabama, Edgewood Training Ground in Maryland and then they expanded to other bases all around the country. They engaged in the training using Chemical and Biological weapons and this article details that work. They also engaged in radiological training and managed to contaminate military bases that have since closed and citie shave been built on them. They also purposely dirty bombed 32 major cities in the US in the late 1950’s and early 1960s as part of the natiowide civil defense tests.

I am documenting the chemicals used on Treasure Island using various publications including US Navy Training manuals and the State of California DTSC survey from 1995 and I will add these to the list, the Chemical Index link is on this Treasure Island website. Note Chloropicrin (PS) is considered today to be a dangerous chemical that damages your lungs and can cause Pulminary Edema.

The Navy operated a Biological Warfare Lab in Oakland CA and the Army’s Biological Warfare Lab was at Fort Baker in Golden Gate National Park but was closed in the late 70s when the biological warfare disease Q Fever broke out of the lab. Today the Park Service uses the Biological Warfare Lab site to teach children about the nature of the National Park.

The Navy let the City of San Francisco place low income housing onto Treasure Island and the residents have died, are dying and just recently a little boy died in June of 2022. This is an atrocity and here is how they did it.

United States. Army. Chemical Agent Identification Set Disposal: Environmental Impact Statement. , 1977. Volume F Appendix A
To make it easier to search the chemicals in this document I will list them here and then the actual pages are below and note this is a chronological list of chemicals over decades:

  • Toxic Gas Set , M1, FSN 1365-219-8574 , DODAC Code K941 ( Figure A1 )
    • 2.48 liters of mustard agent in the 24 bottles, or 103 ml of agent per bottle
      • Mustard
  • Toxic Gas Set , M2 , FSN 1365-563-4146 , DODAC Code K942 (Figure A2)
    • 3.150 liters of mustard agent in 28 ampules , or 112 ml of agent per bottle
      • Mustard
  • Training Set , Chemical Agent Identification , M72 , FSN 1365-051-1807, DODAC Code K945 ( Figure A3 ) –
    • Each plastic case contains six 59 ml plastic – coated bottles of agent dissolved into plastic pellets and enclosed in two – layer laminated plastic bags, two 59 ml bottles of simulant, and three smaller bottles of simulant.
      • GB Nerve Agent (4 bottles)
      • Lewisite (1 bottle)
      • Phosgene-simulant (1 bottle)
      • Potassium Cyanide (1 bottle)
      • Mustard (1 bottle)
    • The three small bottles contain approximately 20 ml of:
      • GB nerve agent
      • VX nerve agent
      • mustard agent simulants
  • War Gas Identification Set , Instructional ; Detonation Ml ( w / cap and w / o cap ) , FSN 1365-025-3273 and 1365-025-3282 , DODAC Code K951 and K952, respectively ( Figure A4 )
    • Each of the 48 tubes contain 40 ml solutions of either mustard , lewisite , chloropicrin , or phosgene agents . The mustard and lewisite are both in a five percent concentration in chloroform sulution ; the chloropicrin is a 50 percent concentration in chloroform solution ; and the phosgene is undiluted a agent.
    • There is a total of 528 ml of lethal agent in each set (chloropicrin is not classified as a lethal agent ) . There are two ml of mustard and lewisite , 20 ml of chloropicrin and 40 ml of phosgene per glass tube , The only difference between the two sets is that blasting caps were issued with the K951 set but packed and shipped in a separate container . – They used blasting caps to set off the agent on the ground which created a cloud of chemical weapons to detect using detection kits which are detailed below in the ABC Warfare Defense Ashore Training Manual documentation.
      • Mustard
      • Lewisite
      • Chloropicrin
      • Phosgene
  • War Gas Identification Set, Instructional : Detonation AN -M1A1 ( w / cap and w / o cap ) , FSN 1365-323-7782 and 1365-338-0735 , DODAC Code K953 and K954 , respectively (Figure A5) .
    • The set contains 8 tubes each of the following agents: mustard, lewisite, phosgene, cyanogen chloride, nitrogen mustard and GA nerve agent simulant. The mustard and lewisite are in a five percent constration in chloroform solution; the nitrogen mustard is a 10 percent concentration in cloroform solution and the cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and GA nerve simulants are undiluted.
    • Agent content: There is a total of 704 ml of lethal agent in each set (two ml of Mustard and lewisite, 4 ml of nitrogen mustard, and 40 ml of cyanogen chloride and phosgene per tube. The GA nerve agent simulant is not considered a lethal agent. The only difference betweent eh two sets is that blasting caps were issue with the K953 set but packed and shipped in a separate container.
      • Mustard
      • Lewisite
      • Phosgene
      • Cyanogen Chloride
      • Nitrogen Mustard
      • GA Nerve Agent Simulant ( GA Nerve agent is Tabun)
  • War Gas Identification Set , Instructional : 1365-368-6154 , DODAC Code K955 ( Figure A6 ) .
    • One bottle contains lewisite, one chloropicrin, and two mustard absorbed in 90 ml of activated charcoal. The fifth bottle contains phosgene simulant. The remaining two bottles contain solid chloroacetophenone and adamsite. The eighth section has the instructions. There is a total of 75 ml of lethal agent in each set. The chloroacetophenone, adamsite ,phosgene simulant and chloropicrin are not classified as lethal agents
      • Lewisite
      • Chloropicrin
      • Mustard
      • Phosgene Simulant
      • Chloroacetophenone
      • Adamsite
  • Set , Gas Identification , Instructional ( Navy ) , FSN 1365-038-5183 , DODAC Code X302 , X545 , X546 , X547 , X548 , X549 , X550 , X551 and X552 ( Figures A7 and 18 ) . – Note the chart below, the codes were used to identify chemical weapons in base inventories.
    • ( 1 ) Outside Configuration : The set is contained in a wooden box with a hinged top . The box measures 19.0 cm by 40.6 cm by 29.8 cm and is divided into two compartments .
    • ( 2 ) Inside Configuration : Inside each compartment are two metal cans approximately 10.2 cm in diameter and 11.8 cm high, surrounded by diameter and 11.8 cm high , surrounded by packing material . Inside each can is a bottle with a ground – glass stopper . The X302 sets have two bottles containing a total of 50 ml of nitrogen mustard–one bottle of nitrogen mustard HN – 1 ( .025 liter ) and one bottle nitrogen mustard HN – 3 ( .025 liters ) . Both agents are absorbed in 90 ml of activated charcoal. Other sample replacement sets contain only one type of material as follows :
      • Set – Material
      • X545 – CG simulant ( contains triphosgene )
      • X546 – CN ( tear gas or chloroacetophenone )
      • X547 – H ( mustard )
      • X548 – L ( lewisite )
      • X549 – DM ( adamsite )
      • X550 – HN – 1 ( nitrogen mustard )
      • X551 – HN – 3 ( nitrogen mustard )
      • X552 – PS ( chloropicrin )
        and the
      • X302 –
        • one bottle of nitrogen mustard HN – 1 ( .025 liter )
        • one bottle nitrogen mustard HN – 3 ( .025 liters )
Continue reading “Chemical, Biological and Radiological Equipment and Chemical Warfare Poisons used by the US Navy for training”

Chemical Weapons unsafe distances at Treasure Island

NAVDocks P-90 Ammunition Storage February 1962 pp 420-1 – Treasure Island violated Navy regulations on safe distances for the storage of all weapons and especially for chemical weapons which are listed here for all Navy Bases. When the City of San Francisco placed civilians and commercial interests on the base the Navy violated distance regulations for ammunition as shown here. The Safe distance from civilians not on the base is 1275 feet according to the chart on page 42-17 Table 42-8E

This also means that there is an unknown bunker for chemical munitions that must be a specified distance from the ammunitons bunkers found under the housing. This unknown bunker has not been found. The use of Mustard Gas on Treasure Island would have required this bunker to exist.

This is further evidence of Chemical Weapons facilities throughout the Navy have not been declared in the Chemical Weapons Convention Treaty.

Chemical Weapon used at Treasure Island up to 1993 sent to NAS Alameda

This article will be a work in progress as I noticed 4 chemical weapons on this list, probably more and I am still working on the chemical weapons lists from the Training manuals and the 1949 master list of chemicals for ALL NAVY BASES which includes chemical weapons.

Chemical weapons used at Treasure Island WHILE the Navy was cleaning up the base and yet the Navy never mentioned these chemical weapons used and trained with in the Cleanup caused by the Chemical weapons Convention Treaty which only cleaned up Army Bases that used chemical weapons including the Presidio! It is against the law for civilians to be housed on a chemical weapons site and for the site to be handed over to civilian authorities!

United States. Naval Facilities Engineering Command. Western Division, and Inc PRC Environmental Management. Base Realignment And Closure Cleanup Plan: Revision 01. Draft. San Bruno, Calif.: Dept. of the Navy, Western Division, Naval Facilities Engineering Command, 1994. Shows the disposal area for Parcel T 117 as DRMO Alameda which is the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO)

DRMO Alameda – 19908 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 87 / Friday, May 3, 1996 / Notices

BASEWIDE ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SURVEY REPORT FOR
NAVAL STATION TREASURE ISLAND, SAN FRANCISCO,
CALIFORNIA, MAY 19, 1995
list of chemicals page 121 lists Hydrocyanic Acid Gas which is the Chemical Weapon Hydrogen Cyanide (AC) which is banned by the Chemical Warfare Convention Treaty.

Treasure Island is in violation of the Chemical Warfare Convention Treaty and DOD regulations

Note this article is being updated as other related articles are published.

Treasure Island violates the deadlines imposed in the Chemical Warfare Convention Treaty for closure of all bases involved in Chemical Warfare Training and production of chemial weapons. The deadlines are:

  • April 29, 2007 for the cleanup of all bases and places where Chemical wepons were used or stored.
  • April 29, 2012 for the extension made to the treaty by the US because they had found other locations that had chemical warfare materiel and needed that time to clean it up.

The 2007 and 2012 deadlines are outlined in the following EPA Document: Handbook on the Management of Munitions Response Actions, Interim Final Report 2005 which I will cite here in this article Chapter 12 which lso contains information on the chemical weapons and how they were used in training, the devices and kits used in that training used by the Navy and the Army since World Ar II and other important information. Those kits were used by the Navy and I will have a separate article on them, showing Navy films on their use and the Army’s Manuals on how to dismantle them and the limits on how many (less than 10 in most cases) can be placed in landfills for the protection of the public.

Chapter 6, page 6.1 of this document refers to the DOD regulations on Ammunition which were revised in 2008 and I will detail the changes that were required to handle the Chemical Warfare Agents for disposal in the treaty. [previous editions were only concerned with unexploded ordinance and not the Chemical and biological weapons outlawed by the Treaty

Revision of Safety Standards
The 6055.9-STD is currently under revision by the
DDESB. The revised standards are posted on the
DDESB website as soon as they are voted in by the
board (www.ddesb.pentagon.mil). Revisions of the
standard dated October 2004 have been published on
the DDESB website, and its use is mandated by
DDESB. Several important revisions, however,
including changes to Chapter 12 and a chapter on
UXO, have not yet been completed or posted. This
chapter of the handbook will be revised when the
revision of the standards are complete.

DOD regulations DOD regulations outlaw the transfer of this Chemical Warfare Contaminated land to civilian authority and outlaw the placement of civilians on the site, both of which apply to Treasure Island. DOD regulations for Ammunition and Explosives Safety DOD 6055.09-STD for the transfer of chemical weapon encumbered property to civilians, the city of San Francisco, under C12.8. TRANSFER OF REAL PROPERTY OUTSIDE OF DOD CONTROL I will lay out this law in a separate article and link it here.

It is a violation of the Treaty, DOD Regulations and the Nuremburg Code to conduct experiments on civilians without their informed consent and yet the cleanup at Treasure Island was such a violation. The proximity of the civilisans living on the base while the Navy was cleaning it up for radiation contamination is a violation of their rights.

Teh Navy was violating the Treaty and DOD regulations when it detonated unexploded ordinance on the site where they had found radiological contamination, making the site a weapon of mass destruction site and violated Navy regulations on proximity to that type of demolition. they also violated proximity regulations for civilians to plain ordinary demolition of unexploded ordinance and the people were directly injured by that activity.

The Navy refused to acknowledge the history of the base which is also a violation of the DOD regulations on cleaning up a chemical warfare base. Code of Federal Regulations on Chemical Weapons is classified under the Department of the Army, not the Navy.

I will cite the Treaty in another article and link it to here.

The US failed to mention that Treasure Island was a chemical weapons training base for the Treaty. The National Science Foundation was tasked with locating all of the chemical weapons facilities and training locations and failed to mention it in their report which is referenced on page 10-4 of the EPA document below and here:

The Systems and Technologies for the Treatment of Non-Stockpile Chemical Warfare Materiel
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2002. Systems and Technologies for the Treatment of Non-Stockpile Chemical Warfare Materiel. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/10407

i ti si clea that if the Navy had complied with the Chemical Weapons convention the EPA would have been placed in charge of this cleanup and no civilians would have been allowed to be exposed to this contaminated site. International Inspections would have been required to conduct a thorough evaluation of the site and by law it would not be transferred to the city of San Francisco. This cover up has led to this violation of the international treaty by the US.

I am creating a CHEMICAL INDEX for this site that lists the chemicals used in (Chemical, Biological and Radiological (CBR) training at Treasure Island which is also called Atomic, Biological and Chemical (ABC) training. I note the following for each chemical:

  • Publications: The training manuals used on Treasure Island that list the chemicals
  • Dangers: PubChem (CDC website) that lists the immediate dangers of the chemicals
  • Toxicity – PubChem (CDC website) documentation of the Human, Animal and Ecoloogical effects of the chemicals
  • Disease: PubChem (CDC website) documentation of the Diseases caused by the exposure ot the chemicals. Note that if the chemical kills outright there are no diseases.

This list can be compared to lists of chemicals used on bases to determine the extent of the CBR training as it includes the chemicals used in training to clean up after a CBR attack as well as chemicals used to support the training. For instance Hydrocyanic Acid (Hydrogen Cyanide Gas) was used in every Navy Base in 1949 and is also listed in the EPA Baseline Report for Treasure Isand in 1995. It is a Chemical Weapon (AC) Outlawed by DOD Regulations and the Chemical Warfare Convention Treaty.

And the extent of the training is not confined to Treasure Island, the Navy trained instructors at Treasure Island who then conducted the training on every capitol ship and every Naval Base. The contamination is quite extensive and requires the immediate evacuation and condemnation of land that has been developed for civilian use, such as the Brooklyn Navy Yard, Philadelphia Naval Yard, Mare Island, Alameda Naval Air Station, Charleston Navy Base etc..

Handbook on the Management of Munitions Response Actions, Interim Final Report 2005
Continue reading “Treasure Island is in violation of the Chemical Warfare Convention Treaty and DOD regulations”
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1949 US Navy Chemical List for all Bases including Hydrogen Cyanide Gas

Bureau of Ships manual CHAPTER 30 STOWAGE OF SAFE, SEMISAFE, AND DANGEROUS MATERIALS

This page is in progress:

Hydrocyanic acid gas is Hydrogen Cyanide which is a deadly chemical weapon and it is against the law to convey property that has been used to train or store chemical weapons to the public.

This webpage is laid out as follows:

  1. I show the actual document in screenshots below
  2. TABLE OF CONTENTS: I list the chemicals so if you copy them you can search for their listings below, it will be a long document
  3. THE LIST – Alphabetical list of each chemical with their specifications:
    1. NIH listing (PubChem) link
    2. Publications which include other training manuals and publication dates. I am listing my webpages on each publication from which you can find the links to online data. Since these documents come and go as websites change, I thought this would be best as I am making screen shots of the important information because some of these documents are not readily searchable online.
    3. Dangers which include the immediate danger of exposure
    4. Toxicity I am listing the human toxicity below, there usually is animal and environmental toxicity but I am concentrating on the toxic effects for human. If you wish to investigate further you can click on the (PubChem) link above under each chemical
    5. Diseases caused by the chemical. In the case of chemical weapons like Hydrogen Cyanide Gas, there are no long term effects, it just kills!
  4. I will be placing these chemicals onto my Hunterspointshipyard webpage as this list applies to all military bases including Hunters Point Shipyard, as individual posts and I will link to them on the Table of Contents and THE LIST of the individual posts listed below..

I am also compiling all chemicals used in training manuals and items like this on the Chemical Index page of this website. This is an ongoing project and will be expanded every time I add new content. It makes all of the chemicals searchable all in one doucment as some chemicals are compounds of others.

I am also listing these specific chemicals on my Hunters Point Shipyard webpage as individual posts for each chemical because this document applies to the Shipyard and all Navy Bases in 1949. Throughout this document if you click on the “Chemical Name HPS” link it will take you to that specific chemical which is on a separate website.

This document is located on the Hathi Trust page at this address

Continue reading “1949 US Navy Chemical List for all Bases including Hydrogen Cyanide Gas”